Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Russian President Vladimir Putin began talks in New ​Delhi on Friday, their second meeting in two weeks, that is expected ‌to focus on trade, energy and defence ties between the two countries, which have long been friends.

The talks are being held on the eve of the annual summit of BRICS leaders in ​the Indian capital, which will see the participation of Chinese President Xi Jinping ​and Iran's President Masoud Pezeshkian, among others.

Modi and Putin are expected to discuss cooperation between the two countries in civil nuclear energy, fertilisers, ​defence, critical minerals, manufacturing, railways, and steel, an Indian source said.

The two leaders met ​on the sidelines of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, on August 31, where Modi told Putin that the war in Ukraine needed to end for humanity's sake and ​that New Delhi would support every peace effort to stop the fighting.

India, along ​with China, is one of the biggest buyers of Russian oil, which is seen as helping ‌Moscow replenish its budget since it sent tens of thousands of troops into Ukraine in 2022 and was hit with sweeping Western sanctions.

India has, however, sought to resist the pressure, saying its large population and economy need secure, affordable and reliable energy ​supplies. New Delhi ​has also said that the Ukraine conflict can be resolved only through dialogue and diplomacy and not by some countries stopping energy, metal ​or fertiliser trade with Russia.

Russia's share of Indian crude imports rose ​in 2026, reaching a record 51 percent in July, as disruptions to Middle Eastern supplies increased Indian refiners' reliance on Russian oil. That share likely moderated in August as China stepped up ​Russian oil purchases, Indian media reported.

Putin visited India ​in December 2025 as well for the annual India-Russia summit and the two countries agreed to expand their ​trade and defence relationship.