Upendra Yadav’s Janata Samajbadi Party, Nepal (JSP-N), has withdrawn its support to Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli’s government, throwing the ruling alliance into a minority in the National Assembly.

JSP-N lawmaker Prakash Adhikari informed that the parliamentary party meeting held on Wednesday had decided to withdraw support.

He alleged the government’s continued neglect of the party’s concerns, lack of response to policy proposals, and failure to uphold prior commitments, particularly on constitutional amendments, as key reasons for the withdrawal.

“The government hasn’t delivered, and continuing to offer our support without results no longer makes sense,” said Adhikari. “Even when we announced the withdrawal, the ruling leadership had shown some interest. But it became clear they only wanted our backing without addressing any of our agenda.”

Adhikari also criticised the government for failing to improve governance, control inflation, or curb corruption, adding that the burden of public dissatisfaction was unfairly being placed on the supporting parties. He recalled that JSP-N had rejected the earlier land ordinance, yet the newly introduced bill retained the same controversial provisions, further deepening their dissatisfaction.

Although the withdrawal of support will not affect the government’s standing in the House of Representatives, where JSP-N has five members, it significantly alters the balance in the 59-member National Assembly.

Previously, the ruling alliance had the backing of 31 lawmakers in the upper House. Following JSP-N’s exit, it now commands just 28 seats: Nepali Congress (16), CPN-UML (10), Loktantrik Samajwadi Party (1), and one nominated member.

The opposition bloc now holds a majority with 30 members: Maoist Centre (17), CPN (Unified Socialist) (8), JSP-N (3), one nominated, and one from Janamorcha. The Chair of the National Assembly is not counted in the total.

The shift means the Oli government will now struggle to pass bills in the upper house.

Despite the support withdrawal, Prime Minister Oli is not constitutionally required to seek a vote of confidence in the House of Representatives.

Article 100(2) of the Constitution mandates such a vote only if a party that is participating in government withdraws support.

JSP-N, although supporting the government, was not a coalition partner.