On the horns of a dilemma: Nepal wants to say it is open to the world, but Covid-19 cases are rising
Officials from ministries are mulling over various measures, including how the country should welcome the arriving tourists when flights resume in about 10 days. (File photo) The Tribhuvan International Airport is preparing to welcome visitors but the situation is grim. Sanjog Manandhar/TKP
The government said on July 20 that international and domestic flights will resume starting August 17, and asked the travel and tourism industry to take bookings for the autumn season accordingly.
However, the rising number of coronavirus cases has sent officials into a tizzy.
Ministers and secretaries from the Home, Foreign Affairs, Tourism and Health ministries have been holding marathon discussions since Wednesday, in order to decide on new emergency steps, a senior government official told the Post on Thursday.
According to the official, there are so many things on the table.
One of the issues is how to handle the arrivals when the flights resume.
“The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is not interested in providing on-arrival visas. The Health Ministry is also for regulating tourist movements,” said the official who spoke on condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the matter.
The Health Ministry on Thursday confirmed 360 new cases. Kathmandu reported 76 cases in the past 24 hours. Nepal’s Covid-19 toll reached 65 on Thursday after five deaths were registered in the past 24 hours while the total number of cases surged to 21,750.
Tourism is one of the sectors hit hardest by the Covid-19 pandemic. The tourism sector contributes around 8 percent to Nepal’s economy.
With no tourists since the lockdown was imposed on March 24 and flights suspended for the last five months, the service sector, including restaurants, hotels and tourism sector, too has taken a massive beating.
As the government plans to open tourism this autumn—September to November—there is a silver lining amid the global pandemic.
But authorities seem to be on the horns of a dilemma, as Covid-19 cases are rising. The autumn season accounts for a third of 1.2 million annual tourist arrivals.
Finance Minister Yubaraj Khatiwada, who is also the government spokesperson, said at the weekly press briefing on Thursday that the government is coming up with “some emergency measures” soon.
Khatiwada did not elaborate on the measures.
Officials, however, said they will probably mean discouraging arrivals—particularly of tourists—and deferring the reopening of long-distance transportation services and schools and colleges.
An official who is familiar with the ongoing meetings said that guidelines are being prepared for three sets of people—tourists, non-resident Nepalis, and officials of diplomatic missions, donor agencies and their families.
The guidelines, which are yet to be finalised, have set a few requirements for tourists–negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results no older than 72 hours on arrival; another PCR test in Nepal from government-designated hospitals and clinics; 14 days of quarantine in hotels; and Covid-19 travel insurance.
“All these documents, except the PCR test in Nepal, should be submitted while boarding a plane,” said the official. “As per the preliminary discussions, tourists can spend seven days in quarantine in Kathmandu hotels, and another seven days in hotels outside Kathmandu.”
Travel agencies are required to take all the responsibilities of the tourists, starting from picking them up at the airport.
The tourists, however, need to apply for visas at Nepal's diplomatic missions in their respective countries.
“This is purely aimed at discouraging travellers’ movement,” said the official. “No one will afford to go through these hassles and it is costly as well."
The government on July 21 lifted the four-month-long nationwide lockdown and announced opening scheduled domestic and international flights starting August 17.
Hotels, restaurants, and trekking and mountaineering businesses were allowed to open from July 30 and start bookings for autumn tourism after a disappointing spring that saw tourist arrivals hit rock bottom because of the pandemic.
For the officials of diplomatic missions, donor agencies and their families, discussions have been going on about providing on-arrival visas.
“But they all have to spend 14 days in quarantine in hotels in Nepal. The PCR test rule that will be enforced for tourists will also be applicable for them,” said the official.
Non-resident Nepalis will have to submit a PCR test certificate at the airport or the plane they are boarding.
“Discussions are being held to provide them on-arrival visas,” said the official.
The government is also taking some measures to bring back migrant workers stranded in different parts of the world.
Khatiwada said that the government would bring back around 45,000 Nepalis stranded in different countries.
“But we still suggest that people who are not suffering and are safe stay where they are,” said Khatiwada.
The government has already started enforcing additional measures to prevent Covid-19 more than two weeks after the lockdown was lifted.
On Wednesday, the government decided to restrict public and vehicular movements enforcing the odd-even rule on vehicles, with effect from Thursday.
The Home Ministry has also barred all kinds of public gatherings—parties, seminars, feasts and other social gatherings at hotels and restaurants.
“We have to reduce the rate of the virus spread,” Khatiwada told the media. “It is not the appropriate time to allow flights, long distance transportation and schools to resume. The Covid-19 Crisis Management Centre meeting will soon take appropriate decisions as the risk is increasing.”
Frequently asked questions about the coronavirus outbreak
UPDATED as of September 22, 2020
What is Covid-19? Covid-19, short for coronavirus disease, is an illness caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, short for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Common symptoms of the disease include fever, dry cough, fatigue, shortness of breath and breathing difficulties. In severe cases, the infection can cause pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, kidney failure and even death.
How contagious is Covid-19? Covid-19 can spread easily from person to person, especially in enclosed spaces. The virus can travel through the air in respiratory droplets produced when a sick person breathes, talks, coughs or sneezes. As the virus can also survive on plastic and steel surfaces for up to 72 hours and on cardboard for up to 24 hours, any contact with such surfaces can also spread the virus. Symptoms take between two to 14 days to appear, during which time the carrier is believed to be contagious.
Where did the virus come from? The virus was first identified in Wuhan, China in late December. The coronavirus is a large family of viruses that is responsible for everything from the common cold to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). After an initial outbreak in Wuhan that spread across Hubei province, eventually infecting over 80,000 and killing more than 3,000, new infection rates in mainland China have dropped. However, the disease has since spread across the world at an alarming rate.
What is the current status of Covid-19?
The World Health Organisation has called the ongoing outbreak a “pandemic” and urged countries across the world to take precautionary measures. Covid-19 has spread to 213 countries and territoriesaround the world and infected more than 31,405,983 people with 967,505 deaths and 22,990,260 recoveries. In South Asia, India has reported the highest number of infections at 5,557,573 with 88,943 deaths. While Pakistan has reported 306,304 confirmed cases with 6,420 deaths. Nepal has so far reported 65,276 cases with 427 deaths.
How dangerous is the disease?
The mortality rate for Covid-19 is estimated to be 3.6 percent, but new studies have put the rate slightly higher at 5.7 percent. Although Covid-19 is not too dangerous to young healthy people, older individuals and those with immune-compromised systems are at greater risk of death. People with chronic medical conditions like heart disease, diabetes and lung disease, or those who’ve recently undergone serious medical procedures, are also at risk.
How do I keep myself safe? The WHO advises that the most important thing you can do is wash your hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or use hand sanitizers with at least 60 percent alcohol content. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with unclean hands. Clean and disinfect frequently used surfaces like your computers and phones. Avoid large crowds of people. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist for longer than a few days.
Is it time to panic?
No. The government has imposed a lockdown to limit the spread of the virus. There is no need to begin stockpiling food, cooking gas or hand sanitizers. However, it is always prudent to take sensible precautions like the ones identified above.
Sangam Prasain is Business Editor at The Kathmandu Post, covering tourism, agriculture, mountaineering, aviation, infrastructure and other economic affairs. He joined The Kathmandu Post in October 2009.
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