When Sarita Timalsena reached the Mahadevsthan temple early on Monday morning, she was expecting a few people to be around, given the concerns over the Covid-19 pandemic.
“And I had reached quite early, hoping to avoid the crowd,” said Timalsena, 31, who lives in Koteshwor, near the temple. “The crowd made me dizzy, so I decided to return home.”
Like many other Hindus, Timalsena too had been to the temple to perform puja and get the “raksha bandhan” on her wrist, a ritual that is observed as part of Janai Purnima festival celebrated on the full moon day of the Nepali month of Shrawan.
“It looks like people have forgotten how pervasive Covid-19 has become,” said Timalsena, a housewife.
So crowded was the place on Monday morning that even police had to intervene to disperse the people.
Ever since the lockdown has been lifted, Kathmandu has returned to the pre-Covid-19 days. Public buses are operating, restaurants are open and people are moving around freely–most of them without following the prescribed safety protocols.
And festivals attract even bigger crowds.
“If you look around the world, most of the Covid-19 cases are transmitted at religious centres and political gatherings,” said Dr Prabhat Adhikari, an expert on infectious disease and critical care.
With Janai Purnima on Monday, it’s the season of Hindu festivals in Nepal, and experts have warned that this could be a time for the spread of the infection among the people.
Janai Purnima is followed by Gaijatra on Tuesday after which other festivals like Teej, Indra Jatra and Dashain and Tihar, the biggest festivals of Nepalis, are observed.
It’s a catch-22 situation, said Padma Sagar Kakshapati, 58, of Dallu, who is all set to observe the Gai Jatra festival on Tuesday.
The Newars of Kathmandu Valley commemorate those who have passed away in the past year on Gaijatra.
Despite the pandemic, people’s sentiments are strong when it comes to religious festivals. Kakshapati admits that there is risk of the virus spreading, but he argues that people’s faith usually prevails over everything else.
“It’s about faith, so I think people will undertake the route for their deceased family members despite the growing risks of the virus spreading,” Kakshapati told the Post. “But definitely the jatra will be observed in an abridged way. And they will try to maintain physical distance.”
After two Covid-19 cases were reported in Nepal, the government imposed a lockdown on March 24.
After four months, the government lifted the lockdown on July 21, but it has failed to send the message across properly that the virus’ threat is still high.
Ever since the lockdown has been lifted, the country has seen a steady rise in Covid-19 cases.
Kathmandu Valley alone saw 51 new cases of Covid-19 in the past 24 hours–43 from Kathmandu, three from Lalitpur and five from Bhaktapur.
As of Monday, the country’s Covid-19 tally reached 20,750 with 57 deaths.
The government now is mulling over shutting down public avenues like restaurants and roadside eateries if they fail to follow proper safety protocols.
Authorities are even considering yet another lockdown, or sealing off areas depending on the number of cases.
Experts, however, are concerned about ways to deal with the situation in the coming days, when people start gathering at temples and religious places during festivals.
Adhikari said Kathmandu Valley could become a hotspot if people start going to temples in groups, and celebrate festivals without following safety protocols.
The basic safety protocols prescribed by the government as per the World Health Organisation guidelines are–wearing masks, using hand sanitiser or washing hands with soap, avoiding crowds and maintaining at least three metres of physical distance.
“The government is aware of the risk of the disease and is planning to bring new guidelines with do’s and don’ts,” said Dr Jageshwor Gauttam, spokesperson for the Health Ministry. “Our view is that people should not go to temples. Festivals will come next year too. If we are alive we will be able to celebrate.”
According to Gautam, if people must visit temples, they should maintain a distance of six feet between them, wear masks and wash hands after they return from the temple.
Since there is no lockdown now, it’s incumbent upon the members of the general public to protect themselves from contracting the virus, experts say.
Gautam, the spokesperson for the Health Ministry, said on Sunday that people should take precautions and must not ask the government to take care of everything to save them from the virus. “People over 60 years of age and less than 12 years shold avoid coming out of their homes,” said Gautam during the weekly press briefing.
Dr Bhagawan Koirala, chairman of Nepal Medical Council, the national regulatory body of medical doctors, said the public must be ‘sensitive’ towards the possible risks.
According to Koirala, in such times of crises, the members of the public and the government should work in tandem.
While tracing, testing and treating are technical aspects, “the government should also invest in awareness campaigns to alert people alert about the risks,” said Koirala. “And it's the members of the public who should practice self-discipline in such hard times.”
Experts say people have all the right to celebrate their festivals but if they take extra precautions and abide by the government-prescribed safety protocols, it can help contain the spread of the virus.
“Ever since the lockdown has been lifted, people seem to have understood that the virus has disappeared,” said Adhikari, the infectious disease expert. “The coming days will be very crucial, as there are festivals around, which attract huge crowds.”
Frequently asked questions about the coronavirus outbreak
UPDATED as of September 22, 2020
What is Covid-19? Covid-19, short for coronavirus disease, is an illness caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, short for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Common symptoms of the disease include fever, dry cough, fatigue, shortness of breath and breathing difficulties. In severe cases, the infection can cause pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, kidney failure and even death.
How contagious is Covid-19? Covid-19 can spread easily from person to person, especially in enclosed spaces. The virus can travel through the air in respiratory droplets produced when a sick person breathes, talks, coughs or sneezes. As the virus can also survive on plastic and steel surfaces for up to 72 hours and on cardboard for up to 24 hours, any contact with such surfaces can also spread the virus. Symptoms take between two to 14 days to appear, during which time the carrier is believed to be contagious.
Where did the virus come from? The virus was first identified in Wuhan, China in late December. The coronavirus is a large family of viruses that is responsible for everything from the common cold to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). After an initial outbreak in Wuhan that spread across Hubei province, eventually infecting over 80,000 and killing more than 3,000, new infection rates in mainland China have dropped. However, the disease has since spread across the world at an alarming rate.
What is the current status of Covid-19?
The World Health Organisation has called the ongoing outbreak a “pandemic” and urged countries across the world to take precautionary measures. Covid-19 has spread to 213 countries and territoriesaround the world and infected more than 31,405,983 people with 967,505 deaths and 22,990,260 recoveries. In South Asia, India has reported the highest number of infections at 5,557,573 with 88,943 deaths. While Pakistan has reported 306,304 confirmed cases with 6,420 deaths. Nepal has so far reported 65,276 cases with 427 deaths.
How dangerous is the disease?
The mortality rate for Covid-19 is estimated to be 3.6 percent, but new studies have put the rate slightly higher at 5.7 percent. Although Covid-19 is not too dangerous to young healthy people, older individuals and those with immune-compromised systems are at greater risk of death. People with chronic medical conditions like heart disease, diabetes and lung disease, or those who’ve recently undergone serious medical procedures, are also at risk.
How do I keep myself safe? The WHO advises that the most important thing you can do is wash your hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or use hand sanitizers with at least 60 percent alcohol content. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with unclean hands. Clean and disinfect frequently used surfaces like your computers and phones. Avoid large crowds of people. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist for longer than a few days.
Is it time to panic?
No. The government has imposed a lockdown to limit the spread of the virus. There is no need to begin stockpiling food, cooking gas or hand sanitizers. However, it is always prudent to take sensible precautions like the ones identified above.
Anup Ojha was a reporter for The Kathmandu Post primarily covering social issues, crime, and human interest stories since 2011. Before moving to the social beat, Ojha covered arts and culture for the Post for four years.
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